A small passerine bird belonging to the pipit family, characterized by its ground-dwelling behavior and cryptic plumage for camouflage in open habitats.
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Ecology & Habitat
Habitat
Inhabits alpine tundra, rocky mountainous regions, coastal grasslands, and open landscapes across North America, with migratory patterns extending from Arctic breeding grounds to southern wintering ranges.
Ecological Role
Plays a crucial role in insect population control, seed dispersal, and serves as a key indicator species for ecosystem health in high-latitude and alpine environments.
Morphology
SKIN COATPredominantly brown-gray plumage with streaked back, light underparts, and seasonal color variations for camouflage
LIMBS WINGSLong, slender legs for ground foraging, relatively short rounded wings enabling swift ground movements and moderate flight
HEAD SENSORYSharp, pointed bill for capturing insects, large eyes for detecting prey, and well-developed auditory capabilities
BODY STRUCTURESlender body, typically 15-17 cm in length, weighing approximately 20-30 g, with streamlined shape adapted for ground movement
Data Source: TaxonHub Database
Image Credit: Stephan Sprinz
