A medium-sized sparrow species native to western North America, characterized by distinctive black, white, and rust-colored plumage and ground-foraging behavior.
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Ecology & Habitat
Habitat
Inhabits dense shrublands, chaparral, forest edges, and woodland understory across western regions of the United States and parts of Mexico, ranging from coastal areas to mountainous terrain at elevations between 0-2,500 meters.
Ecological Role
Key seed dispersal agent and insect population control, contributing to ecosystem balance through foraging activities in shrubland and woodland habitats.
Morphology
SKIN COATThick plumage with black back, white-spotted wings, rust-colored flanks, and white belly
LIMBS WINGSStrong legs with long, curved claws for scratching forest floor, rounded wings enabling quick, short flights
HEAD SENSORYLarge dark eyes, short conical beak suited for seed and insect consumption, prominent black head in males
BODY STRUCTURERobust passerine bird, approximately 18-22 cm in length, weighing 33-49 grams, with a sturdy build adapted for ground-based foraging
Data Source: TaxonHub Database
Image Credit: Hamma085
