A medium-sized songbird native to western North America, characterized by its distinctive black head and robust conical beak adapted for seed cracking.
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Ecology & Habitat
Habitat
Primarily found in open woodlands, forest edges, riparian areas, and mixed coniferous-deciduous forests from southwestern Canada to central Mexico, ranging from 500-3,000 meters elevation.
Ecological Role
Critical seed disperser and insect predator in woodland ecosystems, contributing to forest regeneration and maintaining ecological balance through foraging behaviors.
Morphology
SKIN COATDense plumage with sexual dimorphism, males predominantly black and orange, females brown with white-streaked underparts
LIMBS WINGSStrong legs for perching, wingspan around 30-35 cm, wings capable of swift, direct flight
HEAD SENSORYLarge, triangular beak adapted for cracking seeds, black head with distinctive color pattern, well-developed binocular vision
BODY STRUCTURECompact passerine bird, approximately 19-22 cm in length, weighing 35-45 grams, with a sturdy body and large head
Data Source: TaxonHub Database
Image Credit: Bill Bouton
